Applying the CRAAP Test will help you assess the credibility and relevance of sources, ensuring your research is based on accurate and reliable information.
Currency - How Current is the Information?
- Ask when the information was published or last updated.
- Are links broken? Broken links might indicate outdated content or a neglected website.
Relevance - How Well Does the Information Fit Your Needs?
- Assess whether the information directly addresses your research topic or question. It should be pertinent and useful.
- Identify who the intended audience is. Make sure the content is suitable for your academic level and research objectives.
Authority - Who is Behind the Information?
- Find out who authored or published the content. Reliable sources are transparent about the author, providing details about the author’s qualifications and expertise in the subject area.
- Ensure that the author or organization has relevant credentials or expertise in the topic covered.
Accuracy - Is the Information Reliable and Correct?
- Verify the content with other reputable sources to confirm its accuracy.
- Look for evidence that the information has undergone review by experts.
- Reliable sources should include citations or references to support their claims.
- Evaluate the quality of the writing. Professional, error-free writing often indicates a credible source.
Purpose - What is the Intent of the Information?
- Identify the purpose behind the content. Determine if it aims to inform, persuade, entertain, or sell something. Understanding the intent helps in assessing potential biases.
- Check whether the authors or sponsors clearly state their objectives and any possible biases.
- Look at the title closely. Is it labeled as "editorial" or "opinion" anywhere? This may indicate the source is written to pursuade the audience rather than inform with just facts.
- Evaluate whether the content is presented in an objective manner or if it seems to have a particular bias or agenda.
Adapted from the CRAAP Test created by Meriam Library at California State University, Chico
